Dissertation proposal

The development of the film aesthetics

The development of the film aesthetic, this topic is a very meaningful study for a film maker. The course of the study in order to learn what is the movie aesthetic, the goal is to film aesthetics in the future development trend, it will be very useful for the future and film-related work, because it is the basis of film knowledge systems.

The development of science and technology, it not only brought to mankind from the unprecedented convenience, but also brought to film for our. Looking at colorful picture on the screen, the ups and downs of the story, a typical environment, as well as vivid characters, we might to thought that, why people were attracted by the small screen? Why let us indulge in the world of film? This is the set questions to explain what the film aesthetic is.

The direction of interpretation will be proposed in further studies.

As we all know, the film is developed by the activity of photography and slide projection technique combined with a modern art. Is an integrated art which accommodate the literary drama, photography, painting, music, dance, text, sculpture, architecture and other arts. And art is expresses the beauty of things or actions form. Thus, we were attracted by the beauty of the information of film. So, we lead to a topic, what is the film express the beauty? What is the film aesthetic? Dissertation will answer these two questions by a two-part and they are aesthetic and film aesthetics.

1. Aesthetic brief introduction

In simple terms, the film aesthetics is an important branch of the Film Studies and art aesthetics. It is built on the basis of the science and aesthetics of film, film beauty of art and aesthetic problems of an emerging discipline. Therefore, in order to better understanding of what is the film aesthetic, we need to understand what is aesthetic.

From the visual, beauty is through the visual give us something psychological feeling, let us feel happy and cheerful. For example, we see flowers, it makes us feel happy, and we will say that it is beautiful. However, when we see rubbish heap, we feel disgusted, so we can't speak rubbish heap is beautiful things. Also we often hear art, have you heard the “ugly art”? Therefore, beauty is human pursuit of things since ancient times, and the pursuit of beauty is the mainstream of human values. The word "aesthetics" first appeared in 1735, It is mentioned in the German esthetician Baumgarten philosophy and meditation on the poetry.

According to the study of aesthetics, we can consider the aesthetic is a science which departure from the aesthetic relations of reality, Art as the main object, to Research aesthetic category of beauty, ugliness and high ideology, and the person aesthetic consciousness, aesthetic experience, and the shaping and development and its law. Aesthetics is a discipline which to aim study to the essence of beauty and its significance. Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy, the main target of the study is art, but does not study the specific performance issues in the arts, it to study the philosophy of art, known as "beauty of philosophy of art”. The basic problems of the aesthetic have essence of beauty, aesthetic sense with the aesthetic object.

2. The film aesthetic brief introduction

We know what the aesthetics, what is the film aesthetics? Now that the film is a comprehensive art, and it carries the information is very rich, so, film aesthetics is to put the research object of aesthetics in the film expresses the philosophy information.

I. The formation of the film aesthetics

We can from the development history of the film at the same time we can see that film’s the development of aesthetics history. The film was came later art form, it is the product of the industrial age. Movie from produce until now, general through three stages:

The first phase from 1895 to 1926, the film was born and began to take shape as an art form. Audiovisual recording function of the material medium is not complete and only black and white silent film, the artists of different aesthetic point of view reflected in the shooting of the film. To the early 1920s, a pioneer in Germany, France and other countries sent Movement of Motion Picture Arts began a conscious aesthetic exploration.

The second stage, from 1927 to 1945, there has been major development of film art. In 1928, the emergence of sound film and color film in 1936, the audiovisual recording function of the material medium is more comprehensive, broad artistic practice, summed up the aesthetic thinking of the movie.

The third phase from 1945 to the present, film arts are reaching maturity, the material medium increasingly sophisticated audio-visual recording function, concluding World War II and the history of cinema are different schools of film-making, the use of the fruits of contemporary humanities research from different levels, different The side in-depth study, thus forming a different genre of film aesthetics, and established a different philosophical basis for the film aesthetic system.

These three stages of the development process, you can clearly see the two factions of the aesthetic flow of the film; First montage (or Marxism) traditions, First, the documentary (or the tradition of realism), both the source of the discrepancy between relationship with reality in the movie.

The montage traditional. Montage is the transliteration of the French montage, the original meaning is constitutes and assembly, for the film industry, the meaning was extend to clip and portfolio. 1916 D.W. Griffith film "Intolerance", becoming the montage traditional beginning. This film breaking the traditional order of the time, the place and the action of the drama due to used Montage. Montage follows the aesthetic principles of art reflects reality. Montage is to reorganize Real life material, through the selection, refining, summary and processing procedures to make it highly aesthetic, meet the creators thought, emotion, attitude and creative intent. Montage gain great development in the United States Hollywood. Hollywood filmed musicals, westerns, luxury piece, horror and science fiction films such as commercial entertainment film caused by the satisfaction of the audience, in order to escape from the reality, it is called the "dream factory". Before the end of World War II, Montage have occupied dominant in the film arts.

Documentary tradition. Film, one of the inventors, French L.J. Lumiere shooting scenes of life and the documentary film is the origin of the documentary tradition. 1916 Vladimir Hardy shot a documentary film “north of Nanook” which introduced the living conditions of the Arctic Eskimos, it was recognized as the official beginning of the documentary film. After World War II, Italian neo-realism film has taken a new technique of expression, they bring the camera came through the streets, not use professional actor. Italian director firewood cutting the ladder Benny said: "The life of a person in 90 minutes must not montage breath finished. Respect the reality also means respecting the reality of the actual time, we should always be to explore more in-depth analysis of the time this in a moment of time. “So his use deep focus, long shot caused the real feel of the space-time continuum. Kracauer, of Bazin in France and Germany established school record in the documentary tradition on the basis of aesthetic theory.

II, the content of film aesthetics
The aesthetic characteristics of the aesthetic nature of the film art; the creation of the film art and real-life relationship and its image depicts the process; the course of development of film art and the concept of film art, genre, style, the rise and fall of transmutation process; the law of the creation of Motion Picture Arts and should be with the aesthetic character; relationship of Motion Picture Arts and other art; the aesthetic value and social function of the film art; the psychological mechanism of the appreciation of film art, process, characteristics, significance and methods.

III, the film aesthetic characteristics

The film is an art, is the highest form of aesthetic ability of a human game! Therefore, film gives us feeling with other art forms there have a huge difference.

The film is an aesthetic activity. So judging the success of a film, we must depend on the evaluation of spectators come to watch the process and watch the body Ministry sensory Ministry and central Ministry of feeling.  In film aesthetics, the audience's central activities of the Department play a role in the weight of the final evaluation, the central Ministry of feelings will be decisive in the body department and sensory Department proceeds to feel the type and extent of the same or similar circumstances. The central Ministry of feelings, but also nothing more comes mainly from the film's suspense, plot and resonance.

Research methods

Books

aesthetic theory. Aesthetic Theory is a book by the 20th century German philosopher Theodor Adorno which was culled from drafts written between 1961 and 1969, ultimately published posthumously in 1970. Although anchored by the philosophical study of art, the book is interdisciplinary and incorporates elements of political philosophy, sociology, metaphysics and other philosophical pursuits in keeping with Adorno's boundary-shunning methodology.

Philosophy of Art. This is Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling work.

Internet

MyAthens

Wikipedia. is a free, collaborative, multilingual Internet encyclopedia supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation.

Overall, Film aesthetics with many philosophical meaning, but as long as we remember that it is the study of the beauty of the film. Film aesthetics is the film aesthetic sense of abstraction and sublimation, which engaged in accordance with the laws of the beauty to study how the relationship between film art creation as well as creative subject, object, body, receptors, and interaction as the basic task. Therefore, knowledge of the film aesthetic is very rich, this is only a preliminary understanding of film aesthetics. We need to constantly explore creative professional as a film student, film aesthetics, in order to understand why we in the future to create movies, and understand a film makers should convey the information of what the beauty.

London industry visit

The BBC television center. This is the first time I entered a television visit, where I met the famous news anchor, a studio which distribute a variety of equipment, and very professional post-production center. After the staff presentation, let me know that AE is the most basic video production software. Broadcast control hall, I can feel this is a very orderly enterprise and the work has a very high professional standards.

Double Negative visual effects, which is a famous movie special effects studio. Inception and Harry Potter have been involved in this company. Through the introduction of the staff, I understand, each beautifully behind the screen, there are countless fine-manufacturing processes.  And the special effects division is a pursuit of the perfect career.

ENVY post production, it is a film and television post-studio. Different from Double Negative Visual effects, the company mainly does the processing of the images and audio clips of the film. The work environment is Prayerfulness, and has a small terrace. Video clip is not a simple task it does not as use scissors to cut a piece of paper, it is the numerous segments of the dynamic image stitching together, every image conversion flows have clips of the creative and thought, and has a sense of rhythm.

Framestore CFC, another special effects production company. The staff produced 3D effects to explain Holmes. Similarly, movie special effects not only need to fine workmanship, but also need to be flexible thinking to make a picture look comfortable, exotic or perfect.

Molinare. A film post production company, primarily responsible for the production of a film's sound. We saw a variety of studios and recording studios. A studio very big like a movie theater, we can see that perfect sound effects was produce through the real scene simulation. In a very interesting studio, the ground is covered with various materials used for onomatopoeia.

After Visited many companies and saw a lot of film and television work behind the familiar strange production environment, the first, I see my future possible work environment, see the workflow, and understand film production process what is my most attractive, to targeted study this work require knowledge in the future learning process. In addition the deepest impression, every job requires patience and careful, beautiful screen behind numerous processes and adjustments.

Creative futures week

Getting started in. photography
“Getting started in photography”, this sentence looks like a simple sentence, in fact, we are really want to close photography, still need to do a lot of preparation. Getting started in photography, we can start from know photography masters. I remember that I love photography, because I know thought a famous photographer’s work. His work is simple, open, and has he own thoughts. When I See his work, it touched me deeply, he expressed the thinking I need to, but not exclusively. So I started to like photography, to find the feeling that I need. Photographic needs to go with the mind, the mind is not empty, and there must be a wealth of artistic thinking in order to get inspiration. So, we need to increase knowledge, to keep on learning. Learning, you can do all sorts of things, from which access to knowledge. In short,  do not make thinking stagnant, do not make thinking to imprison. Getting started in photography, is to allow the mind to find the beginning of America, capture the beauty.

21 things you can do, good prompt.

Piece to camera
By Matthew Richards, a BBC staff, he described his life experiences, and  he shared some work experience for us. I have been think  that the film and photography and media are inseparable relationship, like the BBC such a huge influence in the global media, I think their employees share the work experience is very useful.

For example, Fiddling and moving to close to the camera, of being undisruptive and unresponsive, looking at the camera and using technical jargon were just some of the flaws that were shown in this interview and it is surprising how many more interviews that have been aired have flaws like the ones listed.

In my opinion on the experience of the interview is very important for me, I'm a very nervous person, I think he mentioned a few key points, you can try to do a good job in my future job interviews. First of all, you will be wired up for better hearing so do not the panic about speaking to quietly. Then, look at the interviewer as if you are having a. Normal conversation. Also, try not to not worry to much that, you can not use your hands for gestures as to not look like a manikin, and if you need to you can always the pause the interview.

Film as a director, you can also comprehend the experience, tell an actor how to do it, how to relax, how realizable natural.

International, design
Tim McCracken showed us some video of his own production, the video is very cool and simple, with his own unique creativity. He gave us his special understanding for the design, so I understand that you want to do a good designer, you need to go in front of the ordinary people. Of course, film and photography is the part of the art design, I think let others attracted by photography or films, is to be different. To have his own unique understanding of things in your own works, but can’t paranoid pursuit eccentricities. In order to allow the viewer to resonate with you as long as the performance of things are beautiful.

The Show passion in your the next step
This is a summary of the lesson to guide us how to improve their professional knowledge and skills in the next student or work.
Learn useful tips for the future.

1. Business cards. Everyone has those these days too, Moo do pretty neat little cards and their standard cards are great quality. Looking for ways to make your business cards stand out is also a good way of ensuring people remembering you. A lot of businesses, especially artists’ use postcard sized business cards because of the ability to do more with them. People are more likely to see them as little pieces of art and frame them.
2. Spreading the word. Tell everyone! Family, friends, colleagues, students, all lead to referrals.
If someone gives you a job that you know will take three days, tell them it will take five. Then, when you finish early, saving your client money and time you'll look great.
3. Do it personally. Turn up to events, socialize, network and be friendly but professional.

Useful websites

Artists Newsletter. This is a resource for artists across all fields. It has a magazine that offers £ 2.5million public liability insurance with subscriptions.
BJP Online. The British Journal of Photography is a monthly publication, supported by its website offers editorials and new and upcoming talent next to well-known photographers.
Freelance UK is aimed at freelancers in the creative industries, offering help and support to those who are just starting out to the seasoned self-employed.
Photographers.co.uk is a site for photographers looking for jobs, employees, training courses and supplies.
Professional Photographer is another publication and website, with competitions, exhibitions, a directory of photographers the latest news in the world of photography.

influence boards

Chen Man, she is a famous fashion photographer in China.. She has taken photograph for many star and magazine. These photos have been published on some famous magazine.

Picasso is one of the main representative of the 20th century modern art, his works include paintings, drawings, sculpture, collage, ceramics and other works. And his works represented a lofty realm.

Qi Baishi is a famous Chinese painting artist. His work is delicate, lively, fresh and natural, so I came to realize the beauty of life in the painting

Wes C. Skiles is a Underwater photographer, he has created TV series "Water Journey". But His unfortunate death in a diving inspection, I was moved by his Spirit of adventure.

Zhang Yimou is a Chinese famous director. He is Beijing Olympic game opening ceremony director. I enjoy his power which can express traditional Chinese aesthetics thoroughly.

Lily Allen’s music style is relax, humor and active. I like this kind of style, and it gave me some special image for design thinking. 

Contextualising design-Design thinking

Finishing design thinking in my mind

design is that people through carefully conceive and plan to complete a thing. So what is carefully, I think that is the designer's unique thinking. Works in the design process, I often think about how to get an idea. Therefore, I will observe things around, when I spotted a target, I will think and analyze it for my work. Later, in the learning design process I know that it called associative thinking and it is a kind of design thinking.

Design thinking in addition to associative thinking also includes reverse thinking, bionic thinking, integrated thinking and so on. In my impression, associative thinking and reverse thinking that are the two design thinking I often use. Thereinto, associative thinking including Form overlapping method, replacement graphics method, substitution method, exaggerated contrast method and Parable people with objects method.

Form overlapping method, Simple explanation is that two or more different elements of the outline overlap. The main overlap can be the same Outline or different Outline and it can be a whole with the whole, a whole with the portion. There are many ways overlap, which can be integrated, embedded, parallel, contrast. Through Reassortment the Outline of different elements, forming a new spatial relationship and showing the creative intent. In my works, such as following picture. 

I am in the process of filming, the original intention was to shoot the distant hills and the sunset, showing the open view and giving a refreshing or relaxing feeling. Later, when I arrived at the Filming Location, I found a bridge blocking the line of sight. When I was very disappointed, I thought of an interesting composition that let the ancient bridge and the open landscape overlap, to produce a blend of natural and human visual effects. Maybe the observers will think about that if not blocked off in front of the bridge, perhaps to see the scenery more, the picture is more beautiful. But the flip side, Blocked part of the actually can be left to us more imagination.

Replacement graphics method is often used in graphic design. Replacement graph is a graphics to get something as a reference and it will make a part of this content to replace other part of something. For example, some advertising, a person is a child's body, but the head is an adult's head.

Substitution method , this method of thinking is actually substitutional relation in picture between the elements of image. It reduce a part of element and increase another elements have internal relationship or roughly the same with form, trying to show the unity of both visual and content and the conflicts of them, in order to achieve the amazing possibilities and visual effects. It was Highly Respected by the advertising industry, the print ads of AbsoLutVodka (classic vodka) in the extensive use of this method.

Exaggerated contrast method, in the screen contains two or more of the subject, the exaggeration of the performance of a subject, thus forming a strong size contrast effect for the main screen or the environment. Exaggerated comparison is essentially the ratio of non-normal concept of subverting the people's visual experience, so as to achieve the purpose of highlighting this subject. Commonly used method is to use wide-angle lens perspective and camera angles to emphasize the coincidence of the subject, sometimes using props to obtain results. I have a work is to compare the personage and the beach. Because the perspective relationship, the people on the distance place, people will become smaller. And in contrast to the surrounding environment, showing the great world, humans are small images, giving a sense of helpless melancholy. 

Parable people with objects method is by the characteristics of a thing, to describe a state of hope for humanity. Such as following work. Although only a wooden plaque and a sentence, no one in picture, wooden plaque is not talking. However, the overall picture gives the impression that "I need you", this is a very warm feeling. 

Another frequently present in my mind of thinking is contrary thinking, this is a very important mode of thinking. Contrary thinking also known as divergent thinking, It is common and seems to have become a moot thing or a kind of thinking method which View in turn thought. Let us in the thought process courage to opposite direction think, make thinking was developed by opposite sides and from the opposite side of the issue to explore in depth. To make us set up the new thought and the creation of a new image. People are used along the positive direction of development of things to think about problems and seek solutions. In fact, for some problems, especially some special problems, pushed back from the conclusion, upside down thinking, solving back from the known conditions, against the past to make the problem may be simplified, so that it becomes easy to solve, and even we have discovery, to create the miracle of earth-shattering, this is contrary thinking and its charm.
For example, this picture, I was taken in the London Eye. London Eye on a wide range of works, but most works is by a clear visual experience from all angles to show the outline of the London Eye. When I shooting, I think I should not become public, so that others, like a non-visual experience, or to see the London Eye is not the same. Because I am myopia, after reflection, I think the public's thinking is that the scene should be clear, that in turn can also be thought that the scene is not clear. So, try to give the London Eye took a picture out of focus. The final result surprised me, different from the Eiffel cohesive pulchritude, the London Eye is an expansive pulchritude. 

Design thinking in the academic field there are many. They have logic, and which is an objective in our thinking of. Design requires a comprehensive thinking ability, design center is the design concept, the proposed design concept and application is accurate, complete conceptual design determines the meaning and value. The proposed design concept designers focus on the subjective emotional thinking, as long as the idea comes from the design analysis should be extended and association and recorded in order to prepare for the design concepts for the wealth of material. In this thought process in using a variety of ways of thinking. For example, think of the things that is on the current analysis, synthesis, to determine the thought process, thinking of other things related way of thinking, to expand the original thinking. Thinking is a combination of existing phenomena or methods of restructuring, resulting in new forms and methods of creative thinking that it could provide a broader clue. Transplantation is the different disciplines of the principles, techniques, and methods applied to the image of lead in interior design for the analysis of the original materials and methods of thinking, design thinking can help us in the process of providing broader thinking. Sum of the original material is the systematic collation and cognitive, thinking results in different extract the common parts, to achieve the parts into a whole, a representative of the meaning of abstract design concepts of thinking. Design concept is often the result of inductive thinking.

In general, design thinking is a skill, learn to make flexible use of this technique, it can not be applied as a mathematical formula. Darrell Bishop said that "I think skills are currently really underappreciated in design. Skills are too often thought of as a way of implementing design, whereas I have found the learning of skills to be one of the most important ways of actually changing my way of thinking about things " I agree with this view, skills like a tree trunk, changing our way of thinking like a tree fork, finally to grow into a strong tree. Therefore, we must learn to use skills, so that techniques derived from more features. Our thinking should be active, free, especially for the unique needs of creative designers.

More freedom to design thinking

But, on the other hand, our thinking will be blocked, often due to not think of creative frustration. This time how to do it? How should we seek a breakthrough in design thinking? Outlining the design thinking process, we have discussed to the point, contrary thinking. In addition to contrary thinking, we can get from people in all aspects of mining design potential.

Let the design more unique in visually
Music, a breakthrough can be expressed in the hearing, a breakthrough can be embedded in food taste, smell from the perfume can change, and therefore, the design breakthrough can be expressed in the vision. People can perceive the outside world through the visual size of objects, shading, color, movement, etc., so there are a lot of visual effects, when to do a work. We can put it upside down, look at the color change, turn it into a circle, it flashes, it fluoresce, put it in writing so that it becomes three-dimensional, making it all the float, etc. One can see the status.

Let thinking more jump in hearing
From the hearing on the jump to thinking more
I listen to music when there will be a habit, Lenovo will hear the melody into a picture, such as painting.

I heard "Kissing" and have been looking for this song screen. "Kissing" let me see the whole picture is black evening sky soon, and I was floating in the air. Music not only brings the hearing to enjoy music is with color, music is a bit line and plane. Therefore, design thinking should not only get the visual inspiration, music is a huge inspiration library.

Design comes from life
In my mind, the design was close. For example, what kind of design a chair more comfortable for people to sit, a cup how to make people look more beautiful. People continue to make life easier by designing comfortable. Design from the ancient Stone Age to the present, has become varied and colorful. It has been satisfied with beautiful and comfortable, people began to pursue the ideal of things continue to challenge themselves, to break their own. However, the design is simply the understanding of life. Do not understand the people's living environment and lifestyle of the people can not become a good designer. Therefore, we should always put self in someone else's point of view what others think, so I think this is a breakthrough in design thinking, inspiration from others. Victor Papanek said that "The only important thing about design is how it relates to people." I very much agree with this view, designers can challenge yourself, but you need to design so that people accept you, your work has value.

To Travel
Travel for everyone has a different meaning. Someone may feel that life has temporarily left the city for an environment to understand something is to travel. Some people will think that from one place to another in the mobile space, aimed at leisure, rest or to enrich their travel experience is the meaning. Also may be someone think that travel is exercise body. For me, the meaning of travel is to let myself heart wider, and look for the presence of the beautiful. Travel can make me more relaxed body and mind, to make their thinking more relaxed, running freely. It can also be contact to different landscapes and different cultures. When I create a work, I can remember my trip to get inspiration. Travel, you can also make your contact with the culture collision, burst out of the new, strange way of thinking.  It is like human use manganese to impact helium for get new elements - cobalt.

The class
Teacher is a good guide and they have a wealth of experience. We can ease the confusion of thinking, to activate our potential. They give us never been contact information in the classroom, so make us understand the design concept is varied. Make I think that I should choose a good style to myself own carefully researched. Finally, let me know how to do a successful designer is to keep on learning and accumulation. If the classroom is a notebook, then the world is a very thick book.